![1200种多肉植物图鉴](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/556/41733556/b_41733556.jpg)
沙鱼掌属
Gasteria
493.卧牛(Gasteria armstrongii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_5_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-n8aaWaUyHvCYOWEo1AyrF3kZtcGXD5wi-0-57247f9d994e93b47ca5db9b1846d481)
冬季盆土保持有潮气。
株高3~5厘米,株幅5~6厘米。叶舌状,肥厚,坚硬,呈两列叠生,叶面墨绿色,粗糙,被白色小疣,先端急尖,叶缘角质化。花小,筒状,上绿下红,下垂,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
494.卧牛石化 (Gasteria armstrongii ‘Monstrosus’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_8_m.jpg?sign=1739648848-t5BEmwWNfXuApHsqq3AJzQJ5lxt8Qm0q-0-dd6890378792d5bbfaf01e216cfe5454)
春、秋生长期每周浇水1次。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅15厘米。叶片舌状,肥厚坚硬,呈不规则叠生,叶面深绿色,新叶被白色小疣,成熟叶较光滑。花小,筒状,上绿下红,花期春末至夏季。为沙鱼掌属的中间型种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
495.美玲子宝 (Gasteria gracilis‘Albivariegata’ )
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_4_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-TQ3HzvuvkziGrZoy1Z3smHBzdKDSFXmd-0-0c02139d96f43fc3af1f5666d05ca209)
换盆时剪除萎缩的枯叶。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅 15~20 厘米。叶面布满白色斑点,有白色纵向条纹。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,春、夏季开花。为沙鱼掌属的中间型种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
496.奶油子宝 (Gasteria gracilis‘Variegata’ )
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_0_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-rwiOs4EkkApUto5xWElm47MFkwzJ8XF4-0-4f55b0ea1aaee48c6ca136f80a2c0c51)
盛夏少浇水,多喷雾。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅 15~20 厘米。叶片舌状,两侧互生,叶表面有深黄色斑纹。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,春、夏季开花。为沙鱼掌属的中间型种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
497.子宝锦 (Gasteria gracilis var. minima ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_2_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-JcbXVhJmgXPB9WXNgtTEB5HOU34VYLpd-0-75e8f697dc9ccfa9d5847d26f8e9b177)
需要明亮的散射光。
株高 3~4 厘米,株幅 12~15厘米。叶面深绿色,布满白色疣点,镶嵌纵向黄色条斑,厚 5~6 毫米。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
498.锦纱子宝 (Gsteria gracilis‘Jinsha Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_7_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-9KtOyNk0VCXpQ5Njkp3NsjCLr7EMSphw-0-f3f0a386430d052c7bf8fae7d1fb9189)
喜通风良好的地方。
植株无茎而且矮小,叶质短而肥厚呈绿色,叶面布满不规则的白色斑纹,叶如舌状,呈二列,坚硬、肉质,叶缘角质化。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
499.象牙子宝(Gasteria gracilis var.minima‘Variegata ’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_1_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-34Fw5EJoPw2dLy91wI68770a5mfbVDmm-0-17c2cd23956a48d90e615fbd07fe2572)
夏季不能暴晒。
植株无茎,群生,叶质短而肥厚,呈二列生长,叶面直立或平行生长。叶面呈绿色,并布满不规则的白色斑纹,叶如舌状。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
500.虎子卷锦 (Gasteria gracilis‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_3_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-dYhKhjWrlT33Dq9cFN9POlJfSCjjuiRy-0-216416941c2623db12a97c7ff9113e2f)
盛夏少浇水。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅 20~30 厘米。叶面深绿色,布满白色小疣点,镶嵌纵向黄色条纹,厚 6~7 毫米。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
501.墨鉾 (Gasteria maculata)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_6_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-tyVoGRLstgXanZIwq3ukm7pI9lk08gfw-0-6e2d79ab782c08b61d53c4396cddb557)
换盆时将老化植株去掉。
叶舌状,呈二列,坚硬、肉质,叶缘角质化,表皮墨绿色,着生不规则的白色斑纹,背部隆起,布满白色斑纹。小花,下垂,粉红色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
502.恐龙卧牛 (Gasteria pillansii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_3_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-6tf2lB4FzzrkTTqowu1qrE1gPtwycmMJ-0-7088741f5f6f0493d6f4a98e5a145a9e)
休眠期多喷雾。
株高 3~5 厘米。叶片舌状,肥厚,坚硬,呈两列叠生,叶面深绿色,散生白色小疣,先端急尖,叶缘角质化。花小,筒状,上绿下红,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
503.比兰西卧牛锦 (Gasteria pillansii ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_7_m.jpg?sign=1739648848-5wqVnq7pDgPkcYKRMNBIuMDmfGJ6qCc8-0-1fbd4bc2c05ff1dd4499a3339882f367)
夏季光线过强,叶片尖端部易变红。
叶片舌状,肥厚坚硬,呈两列叠生,叶面深绿色,散生着白色小疣点,镶嵌有纵向黄色条纹,甚至整叶黄色。花小,筒状,上绿色下橙色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
504.碧琉璃卧牛 (Gasteria armstrongii‘Nudum’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_2_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-0rLLluikt8sCnQZSpdTIajSys6Y0L9Wb-0-6925d654cf9c58d8e7aadfaa4b35e7b3)
勿使盆土过湿。
植株无茎,叶质肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面向两侧弯曲生长。叶面呈深绿色,无斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
505.春莺啭锦 (Gasteria batesiana ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_4_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-GeK4PdMteSwd782UGWAv1fOlgGgI2ZoK-0-734cb1528cf7091d6e38f0ee2479ba64)
喜阳光充足环境。
叶状如舌形,全缘肉质,株型初为叠生叶成两列,后为莲座型,叶面呈墨绿色,有黄绿色条纹与白色斑点。习性强健,繁殖通常用分株和播种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
506.玛瑙殿 (Gasteria neliana ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_9_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-hjRwkdThhy5HMY9YALZKHAcLhUL1ObPB-0-9cdaaabbd5622e0fda89e2fa95bc0a52)
耐干旱和半阴。
植株无茎,叶质粗壮肥厚,全缘肉质,叶状如舌形。株型初为叠生叶成两列,后为莲座形,叶面呈墨绿色,布满不规则白色斑点与条纹。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
507.巨象 (Gasteria pillansii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_0_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-LUTinfjAaqasqI9aSmsq3sLswik8UatY-0-cd67640f07890cb52669de3499229271)
刚买回的植株,摆放在阳光充足的地方。
植株无茎,叶质肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面直立或向两侧弯曲生长。叶面呈绿色,布满墨色斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
508.短叶巨象 (Gasteria brevifolia)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_5_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-l4MBGiKSYZuJQCZUHXujEOVef8Y1zvQP-0-24d0d77692b12126f9eb12f42f6698a0)
生长期盆土保持稍干燥为好。
植株无茎,群生,叶质粗壮肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面直立或向两侧平行生长。叶面呈墨绿色,叶面布满白色或墨色斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
509.爱勒巨象 (Gasteria pillanii var. ernesti-ruschii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_10_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-f6m97ZUj9aAtx2WSy7xZrOThnVhpj5On-0-e4eef551a35af026a7515836271a2f37)
休眠期,少浇水,多喷雾。
叶片舌状,叶面粗糙不平,宽阔肥厚,呈两列叠生,叶面呈深绿色,散生白色小疣,叶端急尖,叶缘角质化。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
510.暗
牛 (Gasteria carinata var. falcata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_1_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-wz5RG2NESaNItCWa6nButxEtiheGFT1u-0-f5995d9667d95ed4dc461e6dc250522f)
喜温暖、干燥的环境。
植株无茎群生,叶质粗壮肥厚,二叶对生,后为莲座状。叶面有细凹沟,叶体棱角化。叶面呈墨绿色,并密生白色斑点。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
511.钝叶青龙刀 (Gasteria liliputana)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_6_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-YLA5F3F8old71Pczh7V7VuMxgdIIu7no-0-4acf06426a676f7da8e4b1530307e6d4)
喜疏松、排水透气性良的土壤。
植株无茎,叶质粗壮肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面呈斜直生长。叶面呈深绿色,并布满白色斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)
512.沙鱼掌 (Gasteria verrucosa)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_8_s.jpg?sign=1739648848-NwNDW7QO7z4e436zyo09sElVOmL37Grn-0-ee09303af54b367d462f2cdcd4bb13db)
浇水遵循见干见湿原则。
株高20~30厘米,株幅10厘米,无茎。单叶互生,带状,长10~20厘米,先端渐尖,两面具拉拉扯扯色乳状突起;叶面粗糙,肉质。小花筒状,下垂,基部橙红色,先端绿色。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739648848-R7pWZHSmxuPxXUCMRtOXQVjlSQzSKgCw-0-9a562f5b4cad25b09e3bd2feb346864e)